Vertical retort for carbonizing coal



W. T. GARDNER. VERTICAL mom rem CARBONIZI'NG COAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 24. 1920.

Patented Feb. 28, 1922.,

COAL.

BUNKER COAL VA LVE.

GAS OFFTAKE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM TEMPLE GARDNER, OF BRUERN, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ISBELI..-POllft'llER COMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

VERTICAL RETORT FOR CARBONIZING COAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

Application filed December 24, 1920. Serial No. 433,028.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM TEMPLE GARDNER, a subject of Great Britain, residing at Bruern, Surrey, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vertical Retorts for Carbonizing Coal, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to retorts and more especially to that type used for carbonizing coal and has for its primary object to allow for the escape of the products of distillation from over the whole surface of the top of the retort thereby insuring a more eflicient and uniform withdrawal of said products of dis-.

tillation than heretofore accomplished in this class of retorts.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the detailed construction and arrangement of said parts com prising the invention and in the manner of assembling and using the same.

The cross section in plan of a vertical retort is generally oblong and the oflitake of volatile products from the mouth-piece of the retortis usually at one end of this oblong. When the major axis of the retort is increased in order to obtain a larger unit the volatile products given off on the side of the retort away from the outlet have to pass across the retort before they reach the outlet.

A more uniform withdrawal of products is secured by this invention, consisting in a construction which allows of escape from over the whole surface of the top of theretort.

Heretofore the mouth-piece has been practically a continuation of the charging hopper and has become filled with coal so that there has been no passage for gas except at that end of the mouth-piece at which theoff-take is situated.

By this invention the chamber within the mouth piece is subdivided by partitions which confine the coal as it leaves the hopper and until it has descended through the mouth-piece, so that there is a free space at each end of the mouthpiece; each partition has an opening at its upper part permitting passage of gas across the coal in the mouthpiece.

The invention consists of structural characteristics and relative arrangements of elements which will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

I Similar reference characters indicate the sameparts in the several figures of the drawm s in which:

ig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section and Fig. 2 is a cross section through a mouthpiece constructed according to this invention.

In the drawings a, is the casting constituting the top of the retort and b is the castmg constituting the mouth-piece. The latter has transverse partitions c and these are extended by like partitions d in the cast 111 a.

Each partition 0 has an opening e the shape of which is determined by the angle of reposeof the coal on the inclined bottom of'the hopper f, the object being to permit the maximum opening while preventing flow of coal-through the opening. Thus the coal does not spread laterally into the retort untilit has arrived at the lower edge of the partitions d and the products can travel up over the whole top surface of the retort. The arrows in Fig. 1 indicate the flow of products.

What I claim is 1. A feeding device for a vertical retort comprising a top section for the retort, a hopper, a mouth-piece having an inclined side and an outlet and interposed between and communicating with said top section and hopper, separated partitions within said mouth-piece and forming a passageway through the mouth-piece from the hop per into the top section, each of said partitions having an opening adjacent to the side of the mouthpiece opposite to its inclined side.

2. A feeding device for a vertical retort comprising a top section for the retort, a hopper having an inclined bottom, a mouth-piece having an outlet and an inclined side forming a continuation of the inclined bottom of said hopper and interposed between and communicating with said top section and hopper, separated partitions within said mouth-piece and extending into the top sec tion of the retort andforming a passageway through the mouthpiece from the hopper into the top section, each of said partitions having an opening adjacent to the side of the mouth-piece opposite to its inclined side.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. 

